The Kingdom of Cambodia is a country that is considered to have abundant water. Its rivers and streams, aquifers and marine are an important resource for national economic development in many areas, such as agriculture, manufacturing and small-scale industries, navigation, tourism, environmental protection, and daily life. 

The Mekong and Tonle Sap River system plays an important role in maintaining aquatic ecosystems, and provides a basic resource for national development.

Most Cambodian people face a shortage of freshwater during the day season, and also during the "small dry season" n the west season, but in the rainy season face too much mater. Irrigation infrastructure is insufficient, old and run-down, which has a sever impact on water storage, distribution and supply, sanitation, food production.

Department of Hydrology and River Works

Department of Hydrology and River Works was created in 1999 and is under umbrella of Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology; In addition, DHRW consists of 5 offices, Administration Office, Research and Flood Forecasting Office, Water Quality Analysis Office, Hydrological Works Office, and River Bank Protection Office.

DHRW in charge of                                           

• Strategic of installing hydrology stations on the main water resources in order to serve water resources sector development.
• Short, medium and long term strategic plan on protection of erosion sediment and river bank. 
• To research and observe surface and ground water of hydrological regime to both manage and install hydrology stations, both collect and analyze data in order to serve my sectors.
• To implement water level, discharge and turbidity measure.
• To implement water quality examination on the main hydrology stations.
• To study and research on hydrology phenomenon, hydrology model, surface and ground water potential. 
• To manage and exchange the hydrological information forecasting and priorly inform the possible floods and lack of water to take measure on time.
• To prepare geography information system related water resources sectors.